Renewable energies and land use changes in the South of the Iberian Peninsula: a geographical interpretation of the national energy policies

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Published: 2023-06-26 12:00 AM CEST
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.3356
Keywords:
wind energy, photovoltaic installations, energy policy, renewable energy landscapes

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Mª Ángeles Barral
Universidad de Huelva
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3528-3720
Alba Ruíz Díez
University of Huelva
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9374-6482
María-José Prados
University of Sevilla
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3405
Ramón García-Marín
Universidad de Murcia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-5182
Ana Delicado
Universidade de Lisboa
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9657-396X

Abstract

The fight against climate change implies changes in the energy model, which is being strongly supported by the policies of the European Union and the Member States. The spatial materialization of the energy policy to promote renewable energies is a crucial element that must take shape on pre-existing land uses, which in turn causes changes in the ecosystems and landscapes. This article investigates the territorial implementation of wind and solar plants in the Iberian Peninsula to assess which types of land use are most affected. Based on the evolution of energy policy in Spain and Portugal, a comparative analysis is made of wind and solar plant developments and land use in Spain and Portugal between 2005 and 2020. The results of the research confirm these developments in rural areas, mainly on arable crops with scrub andº grassland, causing a significant alteration on rural economies and landscapes.

Article Details

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No. 97 (2023)

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Papers
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Mª Ángeles Barral, Universidad de Huelva

Graduated in Geography and History with a specialization in Geography from the University of Seville and a PhD in Geography from the University of Huelva. Professor of Physical Geography at the University of Huelva where I teach, among others, the subjects of Geographic Information Systems in Spanish and English in the degrees of Environmental Sciences and Geology. My research has revolved around the relationship between the human being and the natural environment, focusing on Geoarchaeology in a first period that culminated with my Phd, Focus Abengoa award for the best Phd. In recent years I have turned my attention to environmental changes caused by land use changes using GIS.

She is currently responsible for the University of Huelva in the H2020 MSC RISE Planning and Engagement Arenas for Renewable Energy Landscapes PEARLS project and she participates as a researcher in the Spanish STEP project (Territorial and Social Innovation for the Energy Transition in the Iberian Peninsula).

Alba Ruíz Díez, University of Huelva

PhD student in Geography and professional specialized in the evaluation of landscape and visual impact of renewable energy projects. After obtaining the Degree in Environmental Sciences (2017) from the University of Granada, I have completed my studies with the Master's Degree in Territory Management, Instruments and Intervention Techniques (2018) from the University of Seville, training in the line of environmental management and urban planning. The wide potential and field of application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and without a doubt its interesting and effective application in the field of environmental impact assessment, led me to take the Master's Degree in Geographic Information Systems, Planning, Territorial Planning and Environment (2019), taught by the University of Seville. After obtaining the latter, I have focused my professional and research career on the field of renewable energies (especially photovoltaic solar energy) and its visual and landscape impact on the environment. Currently, I work as director of analysis and GIS for an environmental consultant in Seville, and I have just finished the GIS Master taught in Madrid by Esri Spain (2022), expanding my knowledge and command of the ArcGIS platform. I am also preparing the Doctoral Thesis “Renewable energies. Implications of its implementation in the territory and society” at the University of Seville and I participate as a collaborator in the European project H2020 MSC RISE Planning and Engagement Arenas for Renewable Energy Landscapes PEARLS and in the Spanish project STEP (Socio-territorial Innovation Project for the energy transition in the Iberian Peninsula).

María-José Prados, University of Sevilla

María-José Prados is a Professor at the University of Seville. She holds a Doctorate in Geography, a Postgraduate degree in Rural Planning and Ecology from the ITC in the Netherlands, and a degree in Regional and Urban planning from the I.A.P. in Spain.
Throughout her career she has collaborated with FAO, CONACYT (the National Science Foundation of Mexico), AECID (the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation) and REA (the UK Renewable Energy Association). In recent years, she has directed the Spanish NATURBA (Naturbanisation and Environmental Preservation) and NATURBOUNDS (Lands on the Edge: cost and benefits of naturbanisation processes) research projects, combining these responsibilities with participation on the Spanish Management Committees of the Cost Actions Urban Agriculture in Europe (TD-1106 UAE) and Renewable Energy and Landscape Quality (TU-1401 RELY).

She is currently coordinating project H2020 MSC RISE Planning and Engagement Arenas for Renewable Energy Landscapes PEARLS and is lead researcher of the Spanish STEP project (Territorial and Social Innovation for the Energy Transition in the Iberian Peninsula). She is also the co-founder of research networks and units such as RESERP (Spanish Renewable Energy and Landscape Network) and EUSOCLAB (European Social Sciences Laboratory).

Her research topics analyze territorial planning and management processes in rural areas of Southern Europe, with an academic focus that ranges between Rural Geography and Cultural Geography. She is especially interested in new population settlement patterns in the European rural environment with a chain of interlinked factors that include, particularly, advancing life expectancy; residential and economic value of areas in the vicinity of national parks; and the consequences for the landscape and the local area of the change to the energy model based around renewable energies.

Ramón García-Marín, Universidad de Murcia

Degree in Geography (1999-2004) and First National Prize Final of University Studies (Ministry of Education, 2005). He holds a PhD in Geography (2008) from the same University, with an outstanding cum laude and Extraordinary Doctorate Award. He has been Acting Professor in the Department of Art and Sciences of the Territory of the University of Extremadura (2009-2010), and is currently Full Professor in the Department of Geography of the University of Murcia, where he develops his teaching and research in the area of Human Geography. He is a member of the Scientific Council of the Bulletin of the Association of Spanish Geographers (JCR) and Editorial Secretary of the journal Cuadernos de Turismo, edited by the Publications Service of the University of Murcia (EDITUM), qualified as an excellent journal by the FECYT (Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology) and indexed in Scopus (Elsevier).

Ana Delicado, Universidade de Lisboa

Ana Delicado is a researcher at the Institute of Social Sciences of the University of Lisbon. Sociologist by training, she is mainly engaged in social studies of science. She has researched a wide range of topics, from science museums to nuclear energy, from international mobility of scientists to children’s participation in disaster management, from climate change to scientific partnerships. She currently coordinates a national Internet of Things project and participates in an international project on carbon capture and storage and other renewable energy projects. She has published in magazines such as Public Understanding of Science, Minerva, Energy Research and Social Sciences, International Journal of Disaster Risk Science.

How to Cite

Renewable energies and land use changes in the South of the Iberian Peninsula: a geographical interpretation of the national energy policies. (2023). Boletín De La Asociación Española De Geografía, 97. https://doi.org/10.21138/bage.3356
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